The Forgotten Story of the Butterfield Overland Mail Route's Hardest Hauls The Butterfield Overland Mail Route is one of Arizona's most iconic and historic trails, but its story often gets overshadowed by more popular routes like Route 66 or the Grand Can
The Forgotten Story of the Butterfield Overland Mail Route's Hardest Hauls
The Butterfield Overland Mail Route is one of Arizona's most iconic and historic trails, but its story often gets overshadowed by more popular routes like Route 66 or the Grand Canyon. However, this trail has a rich history that spans over three decades, from 1858 to 1881, and played a crucial role in the development of the American West.
The Route's History
In 1857, Congress authorized the establishment of a mail route between St. Louis, Missouri, and San Francisco, California. The Butterfield Overland Mail Route was one of two routes chosen for this task, with the other being the more famous Hastings Cutoff. The route stretched over 2,700 miles, traversing through Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and California.
The mail route was named after its founder, Major Robert H. M. Butterfield, who oversaw its construction. The trail was designed to be a major transportation artery, connecting the East Coast with the West Coast and facilitating trade and communication between the two regions.
Forgotten Stations
One of the most fascinating aspects of the Butterfield Overland Mail Route is its network of stations and relay points. These stations, scattered across Arizona's rugged terrain, played a vital role in the mail route's operation. The hardest hauls on this route were typically found in Arizona's hot desert landscapes, where temperatures often soared above 100°F (38°C).
Some of the most remote and challenging stations along the Butterfield Overland Mail Route include:
- Gila River Crossing: Located near modern-day Wickenburg, this station marked a crucial crossing point for the Gila River.
- Wenden Station: Situated in what is now Yavapai County, this station was notorious for its harsh weather conditions and isolated location.
- Cibicue Station: This remote outpost, located in Apache County, was used as a relay point for mail carriers traveling between Tucson and Prescott.
Exploring the Route
Visitors to Arizona can still explore remnants of the Butterfield Overland Mail Route today. While some stations have vanished into history, many others remain intact or have been carefully restored. Here are some practical tips for exploring this historic trail:
- Accessibility: Be prepared for rugged terrain and extreme weather conditions when visiting remote stations.
- Best times to visit: The best time to explore the Butterfield Overland Mail Route is during Arizona's mild winter months (December to February), when temperatures are relatively comfortable.
- Safety: Always bring plenty of water, food, and sun protection when exploring remote areas.
Some recommended stops along the route include:
- Papago Park in Phoenix: This park features a recreated Butterfield Overland Mail Route station and offers insight into the history of the trail.
- Tucson's Historic Mission San Xavier del Bac: This 18th-century mission played an important role in the Butterfield Overland Mail Route's operation.
Practical Info
While some stations may be inaccessible or require special permits to visit, many others are open to the public. For more information on visiting these sites, contact the following organizations:
- Arizona State Parks: (602) 542-4174
- Tucson Historical Society: (520) 629-0101
Please note that some stations may have limited hours or be closed due to inclement weather conditions. Always check with local authorities before visiting any site.
The Butterfield Overland Mail Route is a testament to the ingenuity and perseverance of those who built it. By exploring this historic trail, visitors can gain a deeper understanding of Arizona's rich history and appreciate the incredible feats accomplished by pioneers in the American West.